9-21-12 Science Chapter 7 Review

Science Chapter 7 Review

  1. A cryosphere is the part of the earth that consists of water in the form of ice.
  2. The main layers of our atmosphere from Earth to Space are:
    1. Troposphere
    2. Stratosphere
    3. Mesosphere
    4. Thermosphere
  3. The layers of the atmosphere are classified according to changes in temperature
  4. Ultraviolet rays are wavelengths that are a little bit shorter than visible light.
  5. A drought is a long period of time less rainfall than normal
  6. The process by which gases hold heat in the atmosphere is the greenhouse effect.
  7. Greenhouse gases are:
    1. Water vapor
    2. Carbon dioxide
    3. Methane
  8. A hurricane warning means that hurricane conditions are expected within the next 24 hours.\
  9. Tornadoes are more likely to form in Florida between February through April because the jet stream moves south into Florida.
  10. Climates are classified according to two major factors: precipitation and temperature.
  11. The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is nitrogen.
  12. Over the past 200 years, the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased steadily.
  13. One group of gases responsible for destroying the ozone layer is CFC’s.
  14. Water heats more slowly than land because more energy is required to heat water than is needed to heat land.
  15. All coastal areas of Florida are at risk of damage from hurricane winds.
  16. The energy that drives the Earth system has two main sources:
    1. Heat from the sun
    2. Heat flowing out of Earth  as it cools
  17. Earth’s surface radiates some of the energy back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation when it’s heated.
  18. Gases in the Earth’s Atmosphere:
    1. 78% of the gas in the atmosphere is nitrogen
    2. 21% of the gas in the atmosphere is oxygen
    3. 1% is the smallest amount made up of trace gases because only small amounts are present in the Earth’s atmosphere.